Brahma Sutra
Topic-1: Deliberation on Brahman
1. Hence (is to be undertaken) thereafter a deliberation on Brahman.
Topic-2: Origin etc., of the Universe
2. That (is Brahman) from which (are derived) the birth etc., of this (universe).
Topic-3: Scripture as Source of Knowledge of Brahman
3. (Brahman is omniscient) because of (Its) being the source of the scriptures. (Or) (Brahman is not known from any other source), since the scriptures are the valid means of Its knowledge.
Topic-4: Upanishads Reveal Brahman
4. But that Brahman (is known from the Upanishads), (It) being the object of their fullest import.
Topic-5: The first Cause Possessed of Consciousness
5. The Pradhana of the Samkhyas is not the cause of the universe, because it is not mentioned in the Upanishads, which fact is clear from the fact of seeing (or thinking).
6. If it be argued that the seeing is in a secondary sense, we say, not so, owing to the use of the word Self.
7. (Pradhana is not the meaning of the word "Self"), because liberation is promised for one who holds on to That.
8. (Pradhana has not been spoken of even indirectly), because there is no subsequent mention of its rejection, and (because that militates against the assertion at the beginning).
9. Because of the merger of the individual into his own Self.
10. Because the knowledge (gathered from the various Upanishads) is the same (as regards Consciousness being the cause).
11. And because (Brahman is) revealed (as such) in the Upanishads.
Topic-6: The Blissful One
12. The Blissful One is the supreme Self on account of repetition.
13. If it be argued that (the Blissful One) is not Brahman, owing to the use of a word (suffix) denoting modification, we say no, for the word is used in the sense of abundance.
14. For the further reason that Brahman is indicated as the source of Bliss.
15. And the very Brahman spoken of in the mantra is declared in the Brahmana (portion explaining the mantra).
16. The other is not the supreme Self, because that is illogical.
17. And because of the assertion of the difference (between the individual soul and the supreme Self).
18. There can be no reliance on inference (for arriving at Pradhana) owing to (the mention of) desire.
19. Moreover, the scripture teaches the absolute identity of this one with this (One).
Topic-7: The Being Inside
20. The Being inside is God, His qualities having been taught.
21. And God is different (from the individual being) owing to the mention of difference.
Topic-8: Space
22. Space (Akasa) is Brahman, for Brahman's indicatory mark is in evidence.
Topic-9: Prana
23. On that very ground, Prana (is Brahman).
Topic-10: Light
24. Light is Brahman because of the mention of feet.
25. If it be objected that Brahman is not spoken of, because the mention is about a metre, we say, no, for the dedication of the mind is taught in that way; for similar instances are found elsewhere.
26. And this must be so, because this makes possible the representation of all the things etc., as a foot.
27. If it be argued that Brahman (of the earlier text) is not referred to here on account of the difference in the instruction, we say: No, because there is no contradiction in either case.
Topic-11: Pratardana
28. Prana is Brahman, because it is comprehended thus.
29. If it be argued that Prana is not Brahman, since the instruction is about the speaker's own self, (then we say, no), for here is an abundance of reference to the inmost Self.
30. But the instruction proceeds from a seer's vision agreeing with scriptures, as in the case of Vamadeva.
31. If it be argued that Brahman is not spoken of here on account of the indications of the individual soul and the chief vital force, then that cannot be so, since this will lead to a threefold meditation. (Besides, Prana) is accepted (elsewhere) as meaning Brahman (because of the presence of Brahman's characteristics), (and these are) in evidence here.
1. Hence (is to be undertaken) thereafter a deliberation on Brahman.
Topic-2: Origin etc., of the Universe
2. That (is Brahman) from which (are derived) the birth etc., of this (universe).
Topic-3: Scripture as Source of Knowledge of Brahman
3. (Brahman is omniscient) because of (Its) being the source of the scriptures. (Or) (Brahman is not known from any other source), since the scriptures are the valid means of Its knowledge.
Topic-4: Upanishads Reveal Brahman
4. But that Brahman (is known from the Upanishads), (It) being the object of their fullest import.
Topic-5: The first Cause Possessed of Consciousness
5. The Pradhana of the Samkhyas is not the cause of the universe, because it is not mentioned in the Upanishads, which fact is clear from the fact of seeing (or thinking).
6. If it be argued that the seeing is in a secondary sense, we say, not so, owing to the use of the word Self.
7. (Pradhana is not the meaning of the word "Self"), because liberation is promised for one who holds on to That.
8. (Pradhana has not been spoken of even indirectly), because there is no subsequent mention of its rejection, and (because that militates against the assertion at the beginning).
9. Because of the merger of the individual into his own Self.
10. Because the knowledge (gathered from the various Upanishads) is the same (as regards Consciousness being the cause).
11. And because (Brahman is) revealed (as such) in the Upanishads.
Topic-6: The Blissful One
12. The Blissful One is the supreme Self on account of repetition.
13. If it be argued that (the Blissful One) is not Brahman, owing to the use of a word (suffix) denoting modification, we say no, for the word is used in the sense of abundance.
14. For the further reason that Brahman is indicated as the source of Bliss.
15. And the very Brahman spoken of in the mantra is declared in the Brahmana (portion explaining the mantra).
16. The other is not the supreme Self, because that is illogical.
17. And because of the assertion of the difference (between the individual soul and the supreme Self).
18. There can be no reliance on inference (for arriving at Pradhana) owing to (the mention of) desire.
19. Moreover, the scripture teaches the absolute identity of this one with this (One).
Topic-7: The Being Inside
20. The Being inside is God, His qualities having been taught.
21. And God is different (from the individual being) owing to the mention of difference.
Topic-8: Space
22. Space (Akasa) is Brahman, for Brahman's indicatory mark is in evidence.
Topic-9: Prana
23. On that very ground, Prana (is Brahman).
Topic-10: Light
24. Light is Brahman because of the mention of feet.
25. If it be objected that Brahman is not spoken of, because the mention is about a metre, we say, no, for the dedication of the mind is taught in that way; for similar instances are found elsewhere.
26. And this must be so, because this makes possible the representation of all the things etc., as a foot.
27. If it be argued that Brahman (of the earlier text) is not referred to here on account of the difference in the instruction, we say: No, because there is no contradiction in either case.
Topic-11: Pratardana
28. Prana is Brahman, because it is comprehended thus.
29. If it be argued that Prana is not Brahman, since the instruction is about the speaker's own self, (then we say, no), for here is an abundance of reference to the inmost Self.
30. But the instruction proceeds from a seer's vision agreeing with scriptures, as in the case of Vamadeva.
31. If it be argued that Brahman is not spoken of here on account of the indications of the individual soul and the chief vital force, then that cannot be so, since this will lead to a threefold meditation. (Besides, Prana) is accepted (elsewhere) as meaning Brahman (because of the presence of Brahman's characteristics), (and these are) in evidence here.
கருத்துகள் இல்லை:
கருத்துரையிடுக